Apparatus for conducting chemical reactions



March 8, 1932. T. GRISWOLD, JR

APPARATUS FOR CONDUCTING CHEMICAL REACTIONS Filed Feb. 1, 1927 INVENTOR. 7/70/7746 @vlsn o/r/ j A TTORNEY6 iPaltented Mai- 8, 1932 v P -rs wrist-int THOMAS GRISWOLD, JR oF-M InLAND, MICHIGAN; Assrcnon TOiTHE now CHEMICAL:

- COMPANY; OF MIDLAND, MIQHIGAN, AiCORPORATION OF laIIClEIIGAN' nrrhim rus FOIt oo vnuc'rme QQEMICAL nnnorions "ii iibati afiiea rb ar 1,1927; Serialrife. 165,159; f

This invention relates toappa'ratus for chemical reactions 'Wherethere 'is'a mass of solid material andia gasiform-substance, at elevated temperature and it is among the objects of the invention to provide for efficient supply to the reaction zone, and removal of i refuse Other'object's and advantages will appear asthe description proceeds.

To the accomplishment 'offlthe foregoing and related ends, the invention, then consists of the features hereinafter fully described,-

and particularly pointed'outin the claims, the following; description and the annexed drawing" setting forth in detail certain structure embodying the invention, the illustrative form shown however being but one of the various Ways in which the principle, of the invention-may beapp'liedsfl p In said annexed drawing, the sole figure apparatus contemplated.

The reference character 1 in the drawing designates a reaction chamber adapted to containheated solid material through which a gasiform substance is passed. Such reaction chamber; is preferably of aseparable or reg movable character, and maybe tubular, either of circular or'elliptical or other cross section.

' door a is provided on -the chamber 2 and the ash potis located in the path ofa the 14. The V entire assemblage: of reaction chamber and clean-out chamber is heated by any suitable."

means, for example oil or gas burners as at 5, these being placed in flue 6 or combustion chamber about the retort 1'. .From the top of the flue 6 radial connections 7 lead to flue extension 8 in which is set a vaporizingivessel 9. Thisiis providec'lfivithaclosure l0, and a valve-controlled feedline 11 supplies mate rial to be vaporized, the trapped inlet 12 ad-L 'fo'rma sup erheater duct Mounted upon the top of'the retort or reaci is averticalsectionalview' of "one form of tion chamber 1 is a head17 having a remov-o absorber system for thefgasiform products produced. V v

A closure door 16 guards access to, the flue and the clean-out, door 4. It Will thus be seen thatwhen the doors16 and 4' are open, ash or'other'refuse maybe raked out from the pot 2, and any fumes escaping from the pot will be drawn ofl' into the flue systemf ld, 15 Without annoyance or danger to the op-V erator; T here solid material anda gasiform' substance are; subject to high temperatures,

Whether thesolid-material be in the nature of acatalytic mass or is a direct reactant With the gasiform substance, the mass is heated by means of the burners5, and a gasiforin sub; stance is supplied through the duct 13 to traverse the column of heated solid, and the gasif'orm products produced are taken off at the oif-talre 19 to the condenseror absorber s vsten1,=- not shown. In the case of. carbon disulphide manufacture, the chamber 1 is filledwith carbon,'preferably' inlthe form of nitting the material to the vaporizing cham her. "A duct 13 connects from the vaporizing vessel 9 to the ash pot 2, and preferably such duct may be passed through the flue so as to. g

able cover- 18 to allow access'for charging, v and an ofi-take 19leading to a condenseror 80 I charcoal, and is maintained at aired rhea-t."

Su'h'jhurpreviously melted'in a steam-heated 7 es through pipe 11 is flowed into the vaporizing v receptacle, not shown, and forwarded kettle 9 Where the liquid is vaporized, and the 1 vapor is thence passedthrough the duct 13, being superheated on the Way, Where passing through the heating flue; i These hot vapors the hot charcoal, 'andthe carbon disulphide 9E enter the chamber 2 and pass up to react With l is taken offat the offtake"19;, From time to time refusein the form 'of ash from the car bonaceous inaterialisraked outfrom the clean-out chamber 2, the doors 16 ;and 4 being 7 open temporarily for this-purpose Since fwhat ash is formed willtend. to-settleatthe base of a column ofcarbon, it may'cbe kept from. accumulating in a manner to hinder re- -additional1yprovide vaporizing heatfor the sulphur, the present (construction introduces the sulphur already adequately heated before coming to the reaction chamber and even additional heat may be carried to the reaction zone by means of the sulphur when superheated. -In this manner-the heat inputto -tho-retort per unit output .is reduced with great advantages realized in increasedout-r put, longer life of retort, better heat utilization and lower cost for upkeep of equipment, asloontrasted with practice where all heating forthe process andfor the primary vapor- V izing asvwell must be accomplished through "the retort wall. 15 .Other modesof applying'the principle of the invention may be employed, changebeing nude as regards the details disclosed, pro- Videdwhe means stated in any of the following claims, 'or, the equivalent of suchbe em- 30 ,pl, yed. V a gtherefore particularly point out and distinctly claimns my invention :a

1. In apparatus of thercharacter described, the combination of a separable ceramic re- -3 actionchamber, a separable ceramic ashpot thereunder,,a vaporizer, and a connection in .exposureto furnace heat from the vaporizer to the-ash pot. 32.,lnapparatus of the character described, 1 the-comblnation'witha vaporizing chamber, .a heating flue, a reaction chamber, means to control a-supply .of fused vaporizable reaction ,material to said vaporizing chamber, a an ,rheater connecting the vapor space in Said vaporizing chamber with the reaction vessel, and iawcleanout for refuse from the reaction chamber in relation with a draft flue wherebygaseous emanations are drawn away. 3. I111 apparatusof the character described, the combination with asulphur vaporizing chamber set on a heating fine, of a reaction chamber, a superheating conduit connecting the vapor :space in'the vaporizing chamber with thereaotion chamber, and a cleanout for refuse from the reaction chamber in relalion with adraft flue whereby gaseous emanatiomv-mre drawn away.

::ber"belowsaid reaction chamber, a vaporizing'vessel, and a vapor duct connecting between said vaporizing vessel and said ash ohambergall in a furnace-settin' in which said'reactionchamber isheate'd lirectly by the combustion of fuel, and said vaporizing 'vessehduct and ash chamber are heated by the residualheat in the products of combustion. i

6. In apparatus of the character'des'cribed,

-'thewembination of a vertically disposed tubularceramic reaction chamber, a separate ceramic ash chamber below said reaction chain- 'ber,"a vaporizing vessel, and a vapor duct connectingrbetween said vaporizing vessel and said ash chamber, allin a furnace-setting in which said reaction chamber is heated directly by thecom'b'ustion of fuel, and

said vaporizing vessel, duct and ash chamber' arehea'ted by theresidual heat'in the products -i of combustion.

'7. In apparatus of the character described,

-the ctanbinationof a vertically disposed tubularreaction chamber, a separate ash chamber'below, said reaction chamber, a vaporiz- -ingfvessel,:and a vapor duct connecting between said vaporizing vessel and said ash chamber, all in a furnace-setting in which said're'actionchamber is heated by the com- 2 bustion of fuel, and said vaporizing vessel, duct and ash chamber are heated by the'r'e'sid- .ualrheat-in the products of combustion inthc ordernamed. Y

8. In apparatus of the characterdescribed, the combination of a vertically disposed tubular reaction chamber, a separate ash chainresidual heat in the products of combustion in the order named, and a clean-out door in said ash chamberaccessible through a door in the furnace setting.

Signed by me'this 24th day of January,

1927. THOMAS GRISWOLD, JR.

- 4. In apparatus of the character described, a

tin combination .of avertical tubular reac- 9 tion chamber, an ash pot thereunder, a separate sulphur vaporizing chamber, a superlnlter connecting said sulphur vaporizing chamber with said ash pot, a heating furm with fines about said vaporizing chambar-anal superheater and ash pot, and a clean- 

